木材的美学属性 The aesthetic attributes of wood 木材具有物质和非物质的双重属性。其物质属性即为木材物质材料所具有的各种理化性能，当把木材作为一种物质材料使用时，被利用的就是木材的物质属性。 Wood has dual properties of matter and matter. Its physical properties are the physical and chemical properties of wood materials. When wood is used as a material, the material properties of wood are used. 然而，木材除了其物质属性以外，还具有非物质的属性，如木材的清香气味，木材的药用价值，木材制品的历史、文化和艺术价值等，这些都是属于木材的非物质属性。木材的非物质属性也是可以开发利用的，而且开发利用木材的非物质属性，无需消耗木材物质，因而不会对森林资源造成任何破坏，是木材资源利用的理想境界。 However, in addition to the wood material properties, also has the attribute of non substance, such as wood fragrance, medicinal value of wood, wood products, historical, cultural and artistic value, these are intangible property belongs to the wood. The intangible property of wood can also be exploited, and the development and utilization of intangible property of wood, without consumption of wood material, and thus will not cause any damage to the forest resources, is the ideal state of wood resource utilization. 木材的美学属性是木材非物质属性的一个方面。所谓木材美学，就是专门研究木材美的属性及其开发利用技术的学科。 The aesthetic property of wood is one aspect of the non physical properties of wood. The so-called timber aesthetics, is the study of the nature of wood and its development and utilization of technical disciplines. 亚里士多德认为，美的主要形式是“秩序、均衡与明确”。对称均衡能给人沉重、安全和统一的视觉心理效果。阿斯海姆认为“一个对称的形象看上去更加‘坚固’和更加‘稳定’”。对称与均衡两者互相补充，是自然界秩序化的一种存在形式。 Aristotle believes that the main form of beauty is order, balance and clarity". Symmetrical equilibrium can give a heavy, safe and unified visual psychological effect. "A symmetrical image looks more solid and more stable," Aas Haim said". Symmetry and equilibrium complement each other, and they are a form of order in nature. 贡布里希认为“过于简单的图案可能无法吸引人们的注意力，而过于复杂则可能使人眼花缭乱”。变化是一种对比，在视觉上有跳跃、新异和蕴涵丰富之感;统一则可增加和谐、均衡、律动的美感。 "Too simple patterns may not attract attention," Gombrich said. "But too complex can be dazzling."". Change is a contrast, a jump, novelty and rich sense of unity in the vision; it can increase the harmony, balance, rhythm beauty. 变化与统一，两者相辅相成，赋予形体一种新的秩序，在反复运动中注重时间及空间中的变化组合，体验出事物发展的客观规律性，唤起了人们对美的感知。这种具有美感的节奏，既是一种客观与主观的统一，也是感性与理性的统一。 Change and unity, the two complement each other, to form a new order, pay attention to the change of time and space combination in repeated movement, the experience of the objective law of development of things, evokes a sense of beauty. This kind of rhythm with aesthetic sense is not only an objective and subjective unity, but also a unity of sensibility and reason.